COMPUTER APPLICATION

CHAPTER 8
Pratham Guru Education and Welfare Society > COMPUTER APPLICATION

Business

A computer has high speed of calculation, diligence, accuracy, reliability, or versatility which has made it an integrated part in all business organizations.

Computer is used in business organizations for −
  • Payroll calculations
  • Budgeting
  • Sales analysis
  • Financial forecasting
  • Managing employee database
  • Maintenance of stocks, etc.

Banking

Today, banking is almost totally dependent on computers.

Banks provide the following facilities −

  • Online accounting facility, which includes checking current balance, making deposits and overdrafts, checking interest charges, shares, and trustee records.

  • ATM machines which are completely automated are making it even easier for customers to deal with banks.

Insurance

Insurance companies are keeping all records up-to-date with the help of computers. Insurance companies, finance houses, and stock broking firms are widely using computers for their concerns.

Insurance companies are maintaining a database of all clients with information showing:-

  • Procedure to continue with policies
  • Starting date of the policies
  • Next due installment of a policy
  • Maturity date
  • Interests due
  • Survival benefits
  • Bonus

 

Education

The computer helps in providing a lot of facilities in the education system.

  • The computer provides a tool in the education system known as CBE (Computer Based Education).
  • CBE involves control, delivery, and evaluation of learning.
  • Computer education is rapidly increasing the graph of number of computer students.
  • There are a number of methods in which educational institutions can use a computer to educate the students.
  • It is used to prepare a database about performance of a student and analysis is carried out on this basis.

 

Marketing

marketing is the use of websites, apps, mobile devices, social media, search engines, and other digital means to promote and sell products and services.

In marketing, uses of the computer are following −

  • Advertising − With computers, advertising professionals create art and graphics, write and revise copy, and print and disseminate ads with the goal of selling more products.

  • Home Shopping − Home shopping has been made possible through the use of computerized catalogues that provide access to product information and permit direct entry of orders to be filled by the customers.

Medical Science

Computers have become an important part in hospitals, labs, and dispensaries. They are being used in hospitals to keep the record of patients and medicines. It is also used in scanning and diagnosing different diseases. ECG, EEG, ultrasounds and CT scans, etc. are also done by computerized machines.

Following are some major fields of health care in which computers are used:-
  • Diagnostic System − Computers are used to collect data and identify the cause of illness.
  • Lab-diagnostic System − All tests can be done and the reports are prepared by computer.
  • Patient Monitoring System − These are used to check the patient’s signs for abnormality such as in Cardiac Arrest, ECG, etc.
  • Pharma Information System − Computer is used to check drug labels, expiry dates, harmful side effects, etc.
  • Surgery − Nowadays, computers are also used in performing surgery.

Engineering Design

Computers are widely used for Engineering purpose.

One of the major areas is CAD (Computer Aided Design) that provides creation and modification of images. Some of the fields are −
  • Structural Engineering − Requires stress and strain analysis for design of ships, buildings, budgets, air planes, etc.
  • Industrial Engineering − Computers deal with design, implementation, and improvement of integrated systems of people, materials, and equipment.
  • Architectural Engineering − Computers help in planning towns, designing buildings, determining a range of buildings on a site using both 2D and 3D drawings.
 

Defense

In defense, information about the enemies, their weapons, way of attacks, etc. are stored in the computer. This information helps during war time. Now a day's computer also controls missiles which are used for attack

Computers are largely used in defence. Modern tanks, missiles, weapons, etc. Military also employs computerized control systems. Some military areas where a computer has been used are −

  • Missile Control
  • Military Communication
  • Military Operation and Planning
  • Smart Weapons

Communication

Computer of data communication refer to protocol involved in transmission of digitized data between two or more online processing locations and is an integral part of the modern information and retrieval systems in terms of their online access.

Communication is a way to convey a message, an idea, a picture, or speech that is received and understood clearly and correctly by the person for whom it is meant. Some main areas in this category are 

  • E-mail
  • Chatting
  • Usenet
  • FTP
  • Telnet
  • Video-conferencing

Goveronment

Government employees must set up meetings and distribute various reports. Computers help these workers expedite these tasks, as most government-issued computers contain numerous software programs like word processing, spreadsheets and database management programs

Computers play an important role in government services. Some major fields in this category are −

  • Budgets
  • Sales tax department
  • Income tax department
  • Computation of male/female ratio
  • Computerization of voters lists
  • Computerization of PAN card
  • Weather forecasting